He tukanga whakaoti nui te whakakanapa hiko hei whakatutuki i ngā mata tino maeneene, tino akuaku e hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te rongoā, te hangarau koiora, te kai me te inu, me ngā taputapu hauora. Ahakoa he kupu whanaunga te "kore waku", ka hangaia e te whakakanapa hiko he mata he tino iti te taratara moroiti me te iti o te kaha o te mata, he "kore waku" te mahi mō ngā poke, ngā moroiti, me ngā wai.
Anei tētahi whakamārama taipitopito mō tana mahi me te take he pai rawa atu mō ngā mahi akuaku:
He aha te whakakoi hiko?
Ko te whakakanapa hiko he tukanga hiko e tango ana i tētahi paparanga angiangi, whakahaeretia o te rauemi (te nuinga o te wā 20-40µm) mai i tētahi mata whakarewa, ko te nuinga he maitai kore waikura austenitic (pēnei i te 304 me te 316L). Ka mahi te wāhanga hei anode (+) i roto i tētahi kaukau hiko (he ranunga o ngā waikawa whanariki me te waikawa phosphoric). Ina tukuna te ia, ka rewa ngā katote whakarewa mai i te mata ki roto i te electrolyte.
Te Tikanga Whakangawari Wāhanga-Rua
1. Taumata-Makatō (Taumata-Anodic):
· He nui ake te mātotoru o te iahiko i ngā tihi (ngā pūwāhi teitei mōkito) me ngā taha i ngā awaawa nā te mea he tata atu ki te katote.
· Mā tēnei ka tere ake te memeha o ngā tihi i ngā awaawa, ka whakatauritea te āhua o te mata whānui, ka tangohia hoki ngā karawarawa, ngā kohao, me ngā tohu taputapu mai i te hanga.
2. Whakamāeneene Iti (Whakamārama Anodic):
· I te taumata moroiti, he ranunga te mata o ngā momo kirikiri me ngā mea whakauru.
· Mā te whakakanapa hiko ka whakarewahia te rauemi iti ake te matotoru, te koretake, te taumaha rānei i te tuatahi, ka waiho ko te mata e mau ana te hanganga tioata tino pumau, kiato.
· Mā tēnei tukanga ka whakangawaritia te mata i te taumata iti iho i te maikorona, ka tino whakaitihia te Pākaritanga Mata (Ra). Tērā pea he 0.5 – 1.0 µm te Ra o tētahi mata kua orohia ā-ringa, engari ka taea e tētahi mata kua orohia hiko te whakatutuki i te Ra < 0.25 µm, he maha ngā wā ka iti iho i te 0.1 µm.
He aha i hangaia ai he mata "haumākū" he mata "kore-waku" rānei
Whakatauritenga Tika: Te Whakakanapa Ā-Mīhini me te Whakakanapa Hiko
| Āhuatanga | Te Whakakanapa Ā-Mīhini (Te Whakakanapa) | Te whakakanapa hiko (Te hiko matū) |
| Kōtaha Mata | Ka pania, ka whakapikoa hoki te konganuku ki runga i ngā tihi me ngā awaawa. Ka taea te hopu i ngā poke. | Ka tango i te rauemi mai i ngā tihi, ka whakataurite i te mata. Kāore he poke e piri ana. |
| Te tango i ngā pakaru | Kāore pea e pa ki ngā mata o roto, ki ngā kohao moroiti rānei. | Ka ata rongoatia ngā mata katoa e kitea ana, tae atu ki ngā āhuahanga uaua o roto. |
| Paparanga Waikura | Ka taea te hanga i tētahi paparanga angiangi, pōrearea, kāore hoki i te ōrite. | Ka waihanga i tētahi paparanga ngoikore o te waikura konukōmiuma matotoru, ōrite, ā, pakari hoki. |
| Te Mōrearea o te Parahanga | Te mōrearea o te whakauru o ngā mea whakakoi (onepu, kirikiri) ki roto i te mata. | He mata ma te whakamahi i ngā matū; ka tangohia te rino kua whakauruhia me ētahi atu matūriki. |
| Te ōritetanga | E whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaiwhakahaere; ka rerekē pea puta noa i ngā wāhanga uaua. | He tino ōrite, ā, ka taea te whakahoki puta noa i te mata katoa. |
Ngā Taupānga Matua
· Rongoā/Hangarau Koiora: Ngā ipu tukatuka, ngā mīhini whakapūkara, ngā pou chromatography, ngā paipa (ngā pūnaha SIP/CIP), ngā tinana takirere, ngā ā-roto o te papu.
· Kai me te Inu: Ngā tāke whakaranu, ngā paipa mō te miraka, te hanga pia, me ngā paipa wai hua, me ngā taputapu.
· Ngā Taputapu Hauora: Ngā taputapu pokanga, ngā wāhanga whakatō, ngā mīhini tapatapahi wheua, ngā cannulae.
· Ārahi-ārahi: Ngā wāhanga whakahaere wai me te hau parakore-teitei.
Whakarāpopototanga
Mā te whakakanapa hiko ka hangaia he mata "kore-waku" mā te hanga kia tino maeneene, engari mā te:
1. Te whakarewa hiko i ngā tihi me ngā hapa moroiti.
2. Te waihanga i tētahi mata ōrite, kāore he hapa, me te iti rawa o ngā punga mō ngā poke.
3. Te whakapakari i te paparanga waikura ātete-waikura taketake.
4. Te whakahaere i te rerenga wai tino pai me te horoi.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-16-2025